Lawmakers have been racing to reach a deal to pay for continuing the pandemic response before leaving for a two-week recess on April 9, with lawmakers warning that failing to secure an agreement now could stall the U.S. response into May.

White House officials had also amped up the urgency of their requests in recent days, saying the funding shortfall had forced them to cut the supply of monoclonal antibody treatments to states by 35 percent and delay purchasing potential fourth doses of vaccines. The administration also has begun winding down a program to cover the costs of coronavirus tests, treatments and vaccinations for uninsured Americans, an initiative that officials said costs about $2 billion per month.

Public health experts said they were pessimistic that Congress would swiftly agree to another coronavirus funding package, predicting that lawmakers would face the same obstacles.

“I don’t think that dynamic goes away,” said Hart of the ONE Campaign.

The Senate deal “demonstrates that one of the main take-home messages of this experience — that this is truly a global phenomenon — has not resonated, or at least not resonated above politics,” said Jen Kates, director of global health policy at the Kaiser Family Foundation, calling the outcome “a victory for the virus.”