This model became prominent after the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting how high-income earners thrived with asset appreciation (stocks, housing) while others faced job losses, stagnant wages, and rising costs, making recovery difficult for many.
Key Characteristics
- Divergent Fortunes: The rich get richer (stock market booms, tech thrives), while the poor and middle class fall further behind (inflation hits hard, wages lag).
- Sectoral Differences: Tech and big-box retailers boom, while hospitality, small businesses, and travel suffer.
- Generational Divide: Older consumers with savings do better; younger generations (Gen Z, Millennials) struggle with debt and living costs.
- Uneven Job Market: High-skill jobs recover quickly; low-wage jobs see slower growth or layoffs.
- Pandemic Stimulus: Initial support helped some, but asset appreciation benefited the wealthy most.
- Tech Dominance: Big tech companies thrived with remote work and digital services, increasing their market power.
- Inflation & Interest Rates: High inflation erodes lower incomes, while rising rates impact borrowing for essentials.
- Increased Inequality: Widens the wealth gap, creating social and political tension.
- Unsustainable Growth: Relies heavily on the wealthy, which isn't sustainable if broad spending dries up.
- Policy Challenges: Makes targeted stimulus difficult and requires broader fiscal policy changes, not just central bank action.


















